Stress granules are dynamic cellular structures that form in response to various cellular stresses, such as heat shock, oxidative stress, or viral infection. These granules are composed of RNA, proteins, and other molecules and serve as sites for the temporary storage and processing of untranslated mRNAs. Stress granules play a critical role in regulating gene expression in response to stress, helping cells adapt and survive under adverse conditions. They are also implicated in various cellular processes, such as mRNA localization, stability, and degradation. Research on stress granules is important for understanding the cellular responses to stress and their implications for various diseases, including neurodegenerative disorders, cancer, and viral infections. Studying stress granules may lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies for these conditions.